The Delicate Dance: Handling Employees with Serious Illnesses Beyond Protected and Paid Leaves

Client: Hey, I’ve got a tough situation and need some guidance. One of our employees has a serious illness. They’ve used up all their protected leave and paid time off, but they want to keep working. The problem is, they’re not meeting expectations. What should I do?

Consultant: That’s a tricky one. It’s like trying to juggle flaming torches while riding a unicycle—there’s a lot going on, and it’s easy to get burned. First off, I’m sorry you’re in this situation. Balancing compassion with business needs is one of the hardest parts of management. Don’t worry, we can navigate this together.

Client: Thanks, I appreciate it. I want to be supportive, but at the same time, I have to think about the team and the work that’s not getting done. Where do I even start?

Consultant: Let’s start by acknowledging the human element here. It’s important to approach this with empathy. The employee is dealing with something really difficult, and the fact that they want to keep working shows they’re committed. That doesn’t mean you can ignore the impact on the business. You’ve got to find a balance between supporting them and keeping things running smoothly.

The first step is to have an honest, compassionate conversation with the employee. You might say something like, “I can see how much you want to keep contributing, and I admire your dedication. We need to talk about how things are going and what we can do to support you while also making sure the work gets done.”

Client: Okay, but what if they’re really struggling and just can’t meet the expectations? How do I handle that?

Consultant: This is where things get delicate. You need to assess whether there are reasonable accommodations that could help them meet expectations. Accommodations might include things like adjusting their workload, providing flexible hours, or allowing them to work from home if that’s possible. The key here is “reasonable”—you want to help them, and you need to make sure the accommodation doesn’t put undue strain on the rest of the team. This step is key in meeting the organization obligations related to the American’s with Disabilities Act (ADA.)

You could say, “Let’s explore what adjustments we can make to help you succeed. We want to support you, and we need to be realistic about what’s possible given the current situation.” This keeps the conversation supportive and grounded in the reality of the work that needs to be done.

Client: But what if we’ve already tried accommodations and they’re still not meeting expectations? At what point do I need to make a tougher decision?

Consultant: If you’ve tried to make accommodations and the employee still isn’t able to meet the job’s essential functions, it might be time to consider a more difficult conversation. This doesn’t mean you’re giving up on them, rather that you need to look at the bigger picture. You could say something like, “We’ve tried several adjustments, and we see this remains challenging and you are not meeting the job’s requirements. Let’s talk about what other options might be available.”

Options might include a temporary unpaid leave of absence, a reduced role, or even discussing whether there’s another position within the company that might be a better fit given their current situation (these are also parts of the ADA). This is where your empathy really needs to shine—you want them to know you care about their well-being, even if the current arrangement isn’t working.

Client: What if they insist on staying in their current role, even though they can’t handle it? I don’t want to seem like I’m pushing them out, but the team is starting to feel the strain.

Consultant: This is a tough love moment. You need to be clear and honest while still being kind. It’s perfectly okay to say, “I understand that you want to stay in your role, and we have to consider the impact on the entire team. The current situation isn’t sustainable, and we need to find a solution that works for everyone.”

If they’re adamant about staying, you might need to set some clear, measurable expectations and timelines. For example, “Let’s agree on some specific goals for the next few weeks. We’ll reassess at that point to see if things are improving.” This gives them a fair chance to improve, and also sets the stage for a more serious conversation if things don’t get better.

Client: And what if, after all of that, they’re still not meeting expectations? Do I have to consider termination?
Consultant: If it comes to that, it’s important to approach it with as much sensitivity as possible. Termination should always be a last resort, especially in a situation like this. If the employee isn’t able to perform the essential functions of their job despite accommodations and you’ve exhausted other options, it may be the only viable path forward.

When having that conversation, frame it in terms of the needs of the business while acknowledging the effort the employee has put in. You could say something like, “I know how hard you’ve worked to try and make this work, and I appreciate your dedication. Unfortunately, we’ve reached a point where the current situation isn’t working for the business, and we need to make a difficult decision.”

Make sure you’re offering support, whether that’s in the form of severance, help with applying for disability benefits, or even offering to write a strong reference if they’re capable of working in a different role elsewhere. It’s about balancing compassion with the reality of the business needs.

Client: That makes sense, but it’s still really hard. How do I make sure I’m doing this the right way legally and ethically?

Consultant: Great question, and it’s crucial to get this right. Make sure you’ve touched base with an employment attorney to review your process. You want to be sure you’re complying with all relevant laws—like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and any applicable state laws—and that you’re documenting everything thoroughly. We can certainly outline the steps we are recommending for you. That might minimize the cost of the attorney.

Document every conversation, every accommodation offered, and every performance issue. This isn’t just to cover yourself legally—it’s also a way to ensure you’re being transparent throughout the process. You might say, “We’ve kept careful records of our discussions and the steps we’ve taken to support you, and we want to make sure everything is clear.”

Client: Thanks, this helps. It’s just such a difficult balance to strike between being compassionate and keeping the business running.

Consultant: It is, and there’s no perfect formula. Approaching this with empathy, clear communication, and a focus on finding workable solutions, you’re doing the best you can in a tough situation. Remember, your goal is to support the employee while also ensuring the business can continue to function effectively. Sometimes that means making hard decisions. If you handle it with care, you can navigate this without losing your humanity—or your sanity.

Client: I appreciate your help. Any final advice?

Consultant: Just this: remember that you’re dealing with a person who’s going through a tough time, and you’re responsible for the well-being of your entire team and the business. Approach every conversation with kindness, and don’t shy away from the tough decisions if they’re necessary. It’s a balancing act. With the right approach, you can find a solution that respects everyone involved.

We are here to help anytime. Thanks for the conversation.

The No-Show Conundrum

Client: Hey, I need your advice. We’re having a hard time hiring right now, and on top of that, we’ve got a few employees who don’t show up, don’t call, and are regularly late. What should we do?*

Consultant: The “no-show, no-call, late-to-the-party” scenario. It’s like trying to run a marathon with one shoe missing. I get it—right now, hiring new people feels like trying to catch a unicorn, and you’re left dealing with the folks who are here, but not really *here*, if you know what I mean. We’ve got some strategies to help you manage this without losing your sanity.

Client: Yeah, I’m at my wit’s end. We can’t afford to lose people, and this behavior is driving everyone nuts. What’s the first step?

Consultant: First things first: it’s time to get clear on expectations. You’d be surprised how often employees don’t even realize that their behavior is a big deal—especially if it hasn’t been directly addressed. You need to make sure everyone understands what’s expected of them. That means attendance policies, the importance of communication, and the consequences of failing to show up.

You could start by having a sit-down with the whole team—or at least those who are regularly MIA—and spell it out. Something like, “We’re all in this together, and we need everyone to pull their weight. Being on time and letting us know if you can’t make it is crucial for keeping things running smoothly.” Keep it straightforward, but don’t be afraid to let them know this is serious business.

Client: Okay, but what if they just keep doing it? We’ve talked to them before, but nothing seems to change.

Consultant: The repeat offenders. This is where consequences come into play. It’s not enough to just have a policy; you have to enforce it. If someone is continually late or not showing up, there needs to be a follow-up. The key here is consistency. If they know they can get away with it without repercussions, they’ll keep pushing the boundaries.

You might say, “We’ve talked about this before, and it’s still happening. We need to address this now to prevent further issues.” Lay out what the next steps are if the behavior doesn’t change—whether that’s a formal warning, a write-up, or some other action. The goal is to show that this isn’t something you’re going to ignore.

Client: But what if they push back? What if they say they have reasons or that it’s unfair?

Consultant: Push back is almost guaranteed, especially if they’re not used to being held accountable. The trick is to be empathetic and firm. If someone says they’re having trouble getting to work on time because of personal issues, you can listen and acknowledge that life happens— also reiterate that their attendance is non-negotiable. You could say, “I understand things can be tough outside of work, and we can discuss ways to help, we also need to make sure you’re here and ready to contribute.”

Offer support where you can—maybe there’s a temporary adjustment you can make to help them get back on track— make it clear that this isn’t a permanent adjustment. At the end of the day, they need to show up, or the team suffers.

Client: Okay, that’s fair. But here’s the thing—what if we really can’t afford to lose anyone? What if we’re so short-staffed that even the unreliable employees are better than no one?

Consultant: I hear you. In today’s job market, hiring can feel like trying to find a needle in a haystack while wearing mittens. It’s a tough spot to be in, and here’s the reality: keeping someone who’s unreliable can sometimes do more harm than good. Their behavior can drag down the morale of the whole team, and their unreliability can lead to bigger issues, like missed deadlines, customer dissatisfaction, and good staff resigning.

So, what can you do? First, assess how critical these roles are and whether you can redistribute their responsibilities temporarily if needed. Sometimes a short-term pain of being understaffed is better than the long-term chaos of keeping someone who’s not pulling their weight. You could also consider offering additional incentives for existing employees to pick up extra hours or responsibilities—this can help cover gaps while you’re working on finding more reliable hires.

Client: But what if we just can’t find anyone to replace them?

Consultant: If hiring new people is a major challenge, it’s time to get creative. Look into alternative staffing solutions—like temp agencies, part-time workers, or even remote employees if that’s an option. Sometimes broadening your hiring criteria or reaching out to different talent pools can bring in people you might not have considered before. It might also be worth reviewing your job postings and recruitment process to make sure you’re attracting the right candidates.

In the meantime, focus on retention—keep your reliable employees happy so they don’t feel tempted to jump ship. That means regular check-ins, recognition, and making sure they’re not burning out while picking up the slack for those who are less dependable.

Client: That makes sense. But what about the ones who just don’t improve, no matter what we do?*

Consultant: For the truly incorrigible ones, it might be time for the tough decision. It’s not an easy call, especially when hiring is difficult, but sometimes you have to cut the dead weight to keep the boat from sinking. If you’ve given them multiple chances, provided support, and they’re still not showing up—or calling in—it’s probably time to say goodbye.

Before you do, make sure you’ve got all your documentation in order—every missed day, every tardy, every conversation. That way, if they try to contest it later, you’ve got a solid case to back up your decision. And when you do let them go, be clear and professional. “We’ve given you multiple opportunities to improve, and you have chosen not to take those opportunities. We have chosen to end your employment, and we wish you well in your future endeavors.”

Client: But what if that leaves us even more short-staffed?

Consultant: It’s a risk, no doubt. But sometimes taking a step back allows you to move forward more effectively. Use the opportunity to strengthen the team you do have—cross-train them, offer professional development, and make them feel valued. That way, when you do find new hires, they’re coming into a more stable and positive environment. Plus, a tighter, more motivated team can often accomplish more than a larger group that’s bogged down by unreliability.

Client: I guess it’s a balancing act—holding people accountable without risking losing them altogether.

Consultant: Exactly. It’s about finding that sweet spot where you’re maintaining standards without decimating your workforce. Just remember, accountability is a two-way street. If employees see that you’re serious about attendance and punctuality, they’re more likely to take it seriously themselves. And for those who don’t—well, sometimes the best thing you can do for your team is to show them the door.

Client: Thanks for the advice. I feel a bit more prepared to tackle this now. Any final tips?

Consultant: Just this: don’t let fear of losing staff keep you from maintaining standards. It’s a tough market, sure, and that doesn’t mean you should lower the bar. Keep your expectations high, communicate clearly, and be consistent with consequences. In the long run, you’ll build a stronger, more reliable team—one that doesn’t leave you wondering if anyone’s going to show up tomorrow.

We are here to help anytime.  Thanks for the Conversation.

The Art of Timely Feedback and Follow-Up: Avoiding the “Forever” Problem

Client: Hey there, I need your help. I’m getting pretty tired of managers coming to me only when things have been going wrong for what feels, to them, like forever. Then they’re completely lost about how to fix it. How do I make them understand that giving timely feedback and following up is their responsibility?

Consultant: We see this frequently. It’s like discovering your house has had termites for years, and now you’re wondering why your floor is sagging. It’s not a great place to be. But fear not! We can absolutely help your managers grasp the importance of timely feedback and follow-up, so they’re not stuck in panic mode, desperately trying to repair the damage. And, looking to you to solve the problem.

Client: Exactly! So how do I get them to realize they can’t just ignore things until it’s too late?

Consultant: We start by making sure they understand that managing a team is a bit like being a gardener. You can’t just plant seeds (or in this case, hire employees) and walk away, hoping everything will bloom perfectly. Gardens need regular attention—watering, weeding, pruning. If you skip the upkeep, you’re going to end up with a mess of overgrown weeds and dead flowers. It’s the same with managing people. If managers don’t give feedback when it’s needed and follow up to ensure improvements are made, they’re setting themselves—and their team—up for a disaster.

Client: That makes sense. But what’s the best way to explain this to them without sounding like I’m nagging?

Consultant: Good question! You definitely don’t want to come off like the HR version of a broken record. Let’s take a friendly, yet firm, approach. You could start by sharing some real-world examples—anonymously, of course—of situations where problems festered because feedback was delayed. You might say something like, “Remember that project where everything blew up at the last minute? If someone had stepped in earlier with some constructive feedback, we could’ve avoided that crisis.” Real-life stories tend to resonate much more than abstract concepts.

Client: But what if they push back and say they’re too busy, or they didn’t want to hurt anyone’s feelings?

Consultant: “I’m too busy,” and “I didn’t want to hurt their feelings,” are two of the biggest culprits behind the “forever problem.” Here’s what you can tell them:

First, about the “I’m too busy” excuse—managing people is their job. It’s not an extra task on top of their work; it *is* their work. If they’re too busy to give feedback, they’re too busy to manage. And that’s a manager performance problem. Without feedback, small issues turn into big ones, and those big ones take even more time and energy to fix later. So really, by not giving timely feedback, they’re creating more work for themselves down the road.

As for the “I didn’t want to hurt their feelings” excuse—remind them that giving feedback doesn’t have to be painful. It’s all about the delivery. If they approach it as an opportunity to help someone improve, rather than as criticism, it can be a positive experience. You might say, “Feedback isn’t about pointing out flaws; it’s about guiding someone to be their best. Think of it as coaching rather than criticizing.” That way, they’ll see it as an investment in their team’s growth rather than an uncomfortable confrontation.

Client: Okay, but what if they just don’t see the urgency? Like, they know something’s wrong, but they think it’ll sort itself out eventually?

Consultant: That’s a risky game to play. Waiting for problems to fix themselves is like hoping a flat tire will reinflate on its own—it’s just not going to happen. One thing that can really drive this point home is data. Encourage your managers to track issues as soon as they arise. If they see a pattern—like consistently missed deadlines or repeated mistakes—they’ll realize these aren’t one-off incidents but signs of a deeper issue that needs addressing. Show them that the longer they wait, the more these small problems will compound, making it harder to solve later on.

Client: So, how do I get them to actually follow up after giving feedback? That seems to be another sticking point.

Consultant: Follow-up is where the magic happens—or where everything falls apart if it’s neglected. You can tell your managers that feedback without follow-up is like giving someone a map but not checking to see if they actually found their way. It’s essential to circle back and see if the changes have been made and if the person needs more support. This doesn’t have to be a long, drawn-out process—sometimes a quick check-in is all that’s needed. It’s also important to remember follow-up is for the purpose of praise and continued support.

You might say, “Following up shows you care about the person’s success and the team’s overall performance. It’s like putting the final coat of paint on a project—it’s what makes everything come together.” And if they’re worried about micromanaging, reassure them that follow-up isn’t about hovering; it’s about making sure the job gets done well. It’s the difference between driving a car with occasional check-ups and driving until it breaks down on the side of the road.

Client: That’s a great analogy. But how do I make this a habit for them, not just a one-time thing?

Consultant: Building habits is all about consistency. Encourage your managers to make feedback and follow-up part of their regular routine. One way to do this is by setting reminders—either in their calendar or through whatever project management tools you’re using. Suggest they set aside a little time each week specifically for check-ins and follow-ups. Even 15 minutes can make a big difference.

Another tip is to lead by example. If you’re regularly giving feedback and following up, they’ll see it in action and be more likely to do it themselves. You can also make it a part of their performance reviews—assessing how well they’re giving feedback and following up with their team. That way, they’ll see it’s not just a nice-to-have, but a critical part of their role.

Client: That’s helpful. But what if someone still doesn’t get it and keeps letting things slide?

Consultant: If someone is consistently dropping the ball, it might be time for some tough love. Sit down with them and explain the impact their inaction is having—not just on the team, but on the company as a whole. Sometimes people need to see the bigger picture to understand why this matters. You might say, “When you don’t address issues right away, it affects not just your team’s performance, but the whole department’s productivity. We need everyone pulling their weight to keep things running smoothly.”

If they’re still not getting it, it may be time to consider whether they’re really suited for a managerial role. Some people are great individual contributors and struggle with the responsibilities of management. It’s better to address this sooner rather than later, for everyone’s sake.

Client: I really appreciate these insights. I think I have a better handle on how to approach this with my managers. Any final words of wisdom?*

Consultant: Just this: feedback and follow-up are a gift. By making them a priority, your managers will not only prevent problems from spiraling out of control, they’ll also build stronger, more capable teams. And when that happens, you’ll hear a lot less about problems that have been going on “forever.”

So, encourage your managers to embrace their role as feedback champions. A little timely intervention can save a world of headaches down the road. And hey, if they ever need a reminder, just tell them: “Don’t let forever be the enemy of now.”

We are here to help anytime. Thanks for the conversation.

Is Job Description Accuracy Actually Important?

Client: Hey, I need some help with our job descriptions. I feel like they’re either too vague or too detailed, and I’m not sure how important it really is to get them just right. I mean, does anyone even read these things?

Consultant: You’re not alone in this one: “Does anyone actually read job descriptions?” Let’s think of job descriptions as the unsung heroes of HR. They’re like the unsweetened oatmeal of the workplace—maybe not everyone’s first choice, but essential for a balanced, functioning team. But let me tell you, they’re more important than most people give them credit for. And yes, people do read them—especially when something goes wrong.

Client: Okay, I see where you’re going with this. But what’s the big deal if they’re a little off? I mean, close enough is good enough, right?

Consultant: If only that were true in HR! Imagine if pilots or surgeons took that approach. You wouldn’t want your heart surgeon to say, “Eh, I think that’s the right artery,” or your pilot to say, “This looks like a good landing strip—close enough!” Accuracy matters, and in job descriptions, it’s more like the GPS that guides your organizational flight. Get it wrong, and you might land in a whole heap of trouble.

Client: So what exactly are the risks of getting it wrong? It can’t be that serious, can it?

Consultant: Well, let’s put it this way: inaccurate job descriptions are like inviting chaos to your company picnic.

Picture this—if your job description is too vague, you might end up with a candidate who thought “light office duties” meant they’d spend their days organizing the break room snack shelf. Meanwhile, they’re actually expected to be in back-to-back meetings, creating reports, and juggling multiple projects. Cue the resentment, low morale, and maybe even a quick resignation.

On the flip side, if your job description is overly detailed, you could scare away great candidates who feel they need to tick every box before applying. Or worse, you might accidentally describe a role so rigidly that you’ve set yourself up to hire a robot rather than a human being—one who, by the way, might have brought some fresh, innovative thinking to the team.

Client: Okay, okay, I get it. But it sounds like a delicate balance. How do you make sure you hit that sweet spot?

Consultant: Bingo! Balance is key. Think of writing job descriptions like making a great recipe. You don’t want to leave out essential ingredients (like duties or qualifications), but you also don’t want to drown the dish in unnecessary spices. Start with the basics: the job title, a brief summary, key responsibilities, necessary qualifications, and any preferred but not required skills.

But here’s where the magic happens—clarity. Be clear about what’s non-negotiable and what’s nice to have. Don’t describe every single task down to the minutiae, but do give a realistic picture of the day-to-day. And remember, job descriptions are not a wish list for a perfect employee; they’re a guide to what’s essential for success in that role.

Client: What about the legal side of things? How important is accuracy for that?

Consultant: Accuracy in job descriptions is like a suit of armor in the HR world—essential for protecting your organization. Let’s say you’re faced with a discrimination claim, or you need to justify a termination. If your job description is vague or inaccurate, it’s going to be a lot harder to defend your position.

For example, if you describe a role as requiring “excellent customer service skills” but then terminate someone for failing to meet sales targets—when sales wasn’t even mentioned in the description—you’re in murky waters. A well-written, accurate job description can be your best defense, clearly outlining what’s expected and why someone might fall short.

Client: So, you’re saying they’re important for hiring, but also for covering our butts?

Consultant: Exactly! Think of job descriptions as a multipurpose tool—a Swiss Army knife, if you will. They help you hire the right people, set clear expectations, and protect your company from legal risks. Plus, they’re useful for performance reviews, promotions, and even succession planning. When you’ve got an accurate job description, it’s like having a road map for every stage of the employee life cycle.

Client: That makes sense. But can’t they also help with employee engagement? I’ve heard that clear expectations can make a big difference.

Consultant: You’re getting it. All of this is connected! Think of a job description as a psychological contract between you and your employee. When an employee knows exactly what’s expected of them, they’re more likely to feel confident, capable, and engaged. There’s no ambiguity, no second-guessing—just a clear understanding of their role in the grand scheme of things.

Now, let’s add a sprinkle of humor here. Imagine starting a new job where your description simply says, “Handle stuff.” You’d probably spend half your day wondering, “What stuff? Where? Why? How?” It’s like playing a game with no rules—you’d end up frustrated, confused, and likely checking LinkedIn by lunchtime.

On the other hand, when your job description is accurate and well-communicated, it’s like getting a rulebook for the game. You know the goal, the rules, and the strategies to succeed. That’s empowering, and it’s a huge factor in employee satisfaction and retention.

Client: So, basically, accurate job descriptions are a win-win for everyone involved?

Consultant: Exactly. They’re the unsung heroes of the workplace, working behind the scenes to ensure everything runs smoothly. They might not be the most glamorous part of HR, but they’re one of the most important. A little effort upfront in getting them right can save you a lot of headaches—and heartaches—down the road.

Client: You’ve convinced me. Time to give our job descriptions some serious TLC. Any final tips?

Consultant: Glad to hear it! Here’s the golden rule: keep it real, keep it relevant, and keep it readable. Avoid jargon—no one wants to apply to be a “synergy manager” or a “chief happiness officer.” And don’t forget to review and update your job descriptions regularly. Jobs evolve, and so should the descriptions.

You can have fun with the language as long as it doesn’t compromise clarity. After all, we’re not robots, and neither are your employees. So go ahead, make those job descriptions shine, and watch as they do wonders for your team.

Client: Thanks, this has been really helpful—and entertaining!

Consultant: Anytime! Remember, the devil is in the details, and so is success. Now go forth and write some killer job descriptions! Let us know if we can help.

ADA/Performance

Question:
“We have an employee who is a performance “train wreck”. They are always having to re-do work. Everyone is frustrated because on top of their performance issue they are out sick A LOT. Can you tell us the best way to fire them?”

Our first step is to identify the goals and associated considerations without jumping to solutions.

Apparent goal(s):

  • Resolve performance issues
  • Resolve absenteeism
  • Resolve team concerns

Associated Considerations:

  • An employee handbook should be the organization guide to consistent considerations and actions associated with performance. At a minimum, handbooks should contain the information that will mitigate risk in discipline when consistently applied.

The basic test for risk mitigation in discipline and separation is characterized in the Seven Steps of Just Cause, which are:

Reasonable Rule or Order: The rule (policy) that was allegedly violated must be reasonable and related to the safe, efficient, and orderly operation of the business.

Notice: The employee must have been given clear notice of the rule or order, including its possible consequences for violation.

Investigation: A fair and objective investigation must be conducted to gather all relevant facts and evidence before any disciplinary action is taken.

Fair Investigation: The investigation must be fair and objective, not biased or predetermined.

Proof of Violation: There must be substantial proof or evidence that the employee violated the rule or order in question.

Equal Treatment: The disciplinary action taken should be consistent with how similar violations have been handled in the past, ensuring equal treatment of all employees.

Appropriate Discipline: The discipline imposed should be appropriate to the offense, taking into account factors such as the severity of the violation, the employee’s past disciplinary record, and any mitigating circumstances.

What does your handbook say or if you don’t have one, have the Seven Steps of Just Cause been met?

  • The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is an important consideration in performance management for several reasons. According to the ADA, employers are required to provide reasonable accommodations to qualified individuals with disabilities, unless doing so would pose an undue hardship on the operation of the business. In the ADA, the phrase “known or should have known” indicates that employers have a responsibility to make accommodations for disabilities they are aware of or reasonably should be aware of. When knowing the person has been “out sick A LOT” the ADA flag is raised and further exploration is required for compliance, even if the result is no accommodation is needed or available.

Legal Compliance: The ADA prohibits discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities in all aspects of employment, including performance management. Failing to consider ADA requirements could result in legal liabilities for the employer.

Accommodation: Under the ADA, employers (with 15 or more employees – less in some states) are required to provide reasonable accommodations to qualified employees with disabilities to enable them to perform their job duties effectively. This may include modifying job duties, providing assistive technology, or adjusting work schedules. Performance management processes need to take into account any necessary accommodations for employees with disabilities.

Fairness: Considering the ADA in performance management ensures fairness for employees with disabilities. It prevents discrimination based on disability and ensures that individuals are evaluated based on their ability to perform essential job functions, with reasonable accommodations if needed, rather than being unfairly penalized for factors related to their disability.

Retention of Talent: By accommodating employees with disabilities and ensuring fair performance evaluations, employers can retain valuable talent and promote an inclusive work environment. Employees are more likely to remain with an employer that respects their rights and provides opportunities for advancement based on merit.

Positive Workplace Culture: Integrating ADA considerations into performance management fosters a positive workplace culture that values diversity and inclusion. It sends a message to all employees that their contributions are valued and that the organization is committed to providing equal opportunities for career growth regardless of disability status.

Overall, considering the ADA in performance management is not only legally required and also promotes fairness, inclusive, and a positive work environment, ultimately benefiting both employees and employers.

  • Managing a team through performance improvement while considering the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires a balanced approach that ensures both compliance with legal requirements and fairness to all employees. Here are some key steps to effectively manage a team through this process:

Training and Awareness: Ensure that all managers and supervisors are trained on the requirements of the ADA and understand how it applies to performance management. This includes recognizing signs of potential disabilities, understanding the reasonable accommodation process, and knowing how to engage in interactive discussions with employees.

Clear Expectations: Establish clear performance expectations and communicate them to all team members, including those with disabilities. Make sure that job descriptions and performance standards are clear and accessible to everyone.

Regular Feedback: Provide regular feedback to all team members, including those who may be struggling with performance due to disabilities. Offer constructive feedback aimed at helping employees improve their performance and meet job expectations.

Interactive Process: If an employee’s performance is impacted by a disability, engage in an interactive process to explore possible accommodations. This process involves discussing the employee’s limitations, identifying potential accommodations, and determining which accommodations are reasonable and effective.

Reasonable Accommodations: Implement reasonable accommodations to enable employees with disabilities to perform their job duties effectively. Accommodations may include modifications to work schedules, job duties, equipment, or the work environment.

Documentation: Maintain thorough documentation of all performance-related discussions, accommodations, and decisions. Document any accommodations provided and their effectiveness in enabling the employee to perform their job duties.

Consistency: Ensure that performance management practices are applied consistently to all employees, regardless of disability status. Treat employees with disabilities the same as other employees in similar situations, while still providing any necessary accommodations.

Confidentiality: Respect the confidentiality of employees’ disability-related information. Only share information about an employee’s disability and accommodations on a need-to-know basis, and ensure that all such information is kept confidential.

Continuous Improvement: Continuously evaluate and adjust performance management processes to ensure compliance with the ADA and effectiveness in supporting employees with disabilities. Solicit feedback from employees and supervisors to identify areas for improvement.

By following these steps, managers can effectively navigate performance improvement processes while ensuring compliance with the ADA and promoting a fair and inclusive work environment for all team members.

The Answer:
Yes, we can help with determining if your organization has accomplished all the consideration needed to be consistent with internal practice and risk mitigation. However, this may be the starting point, not the end.

Flexible Work Week

Question:
“Our organization has moved to a flexible work week for all employees. We want to remove references to all work schedules, schedule types, and organization hours in our handbook. Can you help with that?”

Our first step is to identify the goals and associated considerations without jumping to solutions.

Apparent goal(s):

  1. Align the new flexible work week policy with handbook.

Associated Considerations:

  1. The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) – Overtime requires employees to accurately track their hours worked, including any overtime hours if applicable. Non-exempt employees must be compensated for all hours worked in accordance with FLSA guidelines. Is there an alternative place where employees are provided with notice of the workweek? (Workweek = Seven consecutive 24-hour periods that will be used to determine overtime pay.)
  2. The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) – Travel Time, work-related travel time that occurs during an employee’s regular working hours is generally considered compensable work time and must be paid accordingly. If all reference to work schedules is removed, how will this be determined?
  3. The Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA), and many other state specific provisions, require each qualifying employer to provide a qualifying employee 12 weeks (or some other amount) of protected time for certain mental or physical conditions as well as those of certain family members. To determine what 12 weeks means for each qualifying employee you would typically multiply the employee’s regular weekly work hours by the number of weeks in the 12-week period. For example, if the employee’s regular work schedule is 40 hours per week, and the 12-week period consists of 12 consecutive weeks, you would calculate: 40 hours/week * 12 weeks = 480 hours. This is particularly important when an employee qualifies for intermittent leave. How will the regular weekly hours be identified and where will employees be notified of this process?
  4. Paid Time Off (PTO) or other discretionary paid time provisions (holiday pay, sick time in addition to that which is protected, vacation time, or compensatory time) are typically based on accrual on hours worked and/or seniority or are front loaded based on forecasted hours or full time equivalent (FTE). These offerings also have provisions for when these must be used and the impact on pay and benefits. Where will these requirements be made known?
  5. The Affordable Care Act and benefit offering to full-time employees (someone who works, on average, at least 30 hours per week or 130 hours per month). Most health insurance benefit offerings have a “hours worked” or “days in employment” requirement which starts the process of offering insurance to an employee. If there are no defined work schedules and your current policies are based on hours worked, amendments may be needed in your health benefits contract and appropriate notice will need to be provided to your employees.
  6. Other considerations may be found in areas such as Performance Evaluations, Bonuses, Workload Distribution, and Compliance Reporting.

The Answer:
Yes, we can help with the alignment of your new policy to existing policies and processes. However, this is not an editing exercise. This is an exploration of how the goal(s) impact other legal requirements and important aspects of the existing employment relationship. Followed by clear communication with managers and employees about the changes that will be made in support of the goal.

Handling An Employee Complaint

Q: Where I work, we do not have an HR Manager, so I am the “HR Department” (business owner, office manager, etc.). I had a complaint about an employee who works at the company, and I have never investigated a sexual harassment incident before. I have the complainant’s statement, but I have not spoken to the subject of complaint(s). I don’t really know how to handle this and what I need to do next. Any help would be appreciated!!

A: First off, take a deep breath! We know these are tough situations to handle and manage. We understand that conducting internal investigations, especially when you’re not directly responsible for “all things HR” can be challenging. For the purposes of this Q&A, you will be referred to as the “HR Administrator”. Therefore, here is some guidance to help you navigate a complaint of sexual harassment in an effective and timely manner:

The initial step is crucial: Ensure the complainant’s statement is acknowledged by letting them know the allegation will be kept confidential and taken seriously. In your role as an HR Administrator, gather as much information as possible from the complainant by meeting with them to discuss the written or verbal complaint. This includes the details of the incident(s), dates, times, locations, and any potential witnesses. Cover the five (5) W’s and the H which means create questions that cover the: Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How.

Your next step is to inform your immediate supervisor, higher management, or general counsel about the complaint. This is especially important since you are the “de facto HR Administrator”. Transparency and collaboration with management will ensure the process proceeds appropriately. At this time, we would suggest you determine if you are the best person to manage this investigation. Consult with an HR professional or employment attorney, as needed. Ensure that the process will be conducted professionally and free from any preconceived judgments. This underscores the importance of involving a third party. You will want to minimize any perception of a conflict of interest by taking lead in the investigation if there is a bias.

Following the meeting with the complainant and informing those who need to know about the actual complaint, the next step is to meet with the employee who is the subject of the complaints. Again, this meeting should be face to face (in-person or virtual). Be sure to prepare your questions in advance to structure your interview with the subject. Ensure confidentiality, no retaliation, and that your questions are unbiased. It’s essential to conduct a fair and impartial investigation. Structure your questions to allow them to provide their side of the story and gather any relevant evidence they might have to tell you at this time. If there are any witnesses mentioned, follow up with them and capture their details. Document every interaction and piece of evidence meticulously. At all times reminding and assuring people of privacy, confidentiality, and no retaliation.

It is important to remain neutral during the entire process and at the same time be supportive of both parties throughout the process. This is done by maintaining open lines of communication with both the complainant and the subject of complaints. Let them know that their concerns and well-being are a priority. Offer resources such as counseling or support groups as needed. Equally as important is ensuring the safety of each person involved, be sure to review their comfort level to continue working together, if required. This might include talking through options with an experienced HR professional consultant or employment attorney.

After you have gathered all your facts and details, if you are unsure about how to proceed next with the investigation, do not hesitate to seek guidance. If there are any questions or concerns with the facts collected, consult with an employment attorney or an experienced HR professional consultant. Remaining neutral and unbiased is paramount to evaluating the facts and determining the outcome and conclusion.

Once the investigation is finalized, compile a comprehensive report with your findings, evidence, and conclusions. Management can then decide on the appropriate action if any will be required.  However, final determinations may be case-by-case and the result may involve disciplinary measures or other necessary steps. At this juncture, you may decide to seek out an experienced HR professional consultant or employment attorney to review the findings, solutions, and recommendations before concluding. Then you need to communicate to both the complainant and the subject of complaints to reflect the investigation is complete.

In many cases, additional findings may include coaching, updating employee handbooks, and/or training on conducting investigations for yourself or someone else within the organization to ensure better management of situations that arise in the future. HR Answers is offering a session on Tuesday, November 28. Register Here.

Remember that conducting internal investigations is challenging and creates discomfort within the organization, however, equally invaluable to your business is managing them successfully. Seek guidance when unsure, maintain professionalism, and ensure fairness to all parties involved. Your commitment to handling these situations conscientiously is vital in creating a safe and respectful workplace as well as mitigating risk.

Handling Negative Co-Workers

Question:

With one exception, everything about my job is terrific. I work for an upscale hotel which is preparing me for a career in hospitality management. My boss is a great mentor, and most of my colleagues are upbeat and enthusiastic. However, one of them is a real mood-killer. Brittany starts complaining as soon as she walks through the door. Our manager is her primary target, but she makes disparaging comments about everyone, including coworkers and customers. She also loves to gossip and enjoys telling malicious stories about certain staff members. Brittany doesn’t seem to care that hotel guests can often hear her negative remarks. Although I
would like to correct this unprofessional behavior, that might put me on her “enemies list”. If I mention this to my boss, I’m afraid I’ll sound like a tattletale. My co-worker is a real downer. With all this constant complaining and speaking ill of other employees and I am not sure how to handle this individual in the best most professional and appropriate way. What should I do?

Answer:

Since Brittany’s compulsive griping is affecting both employees and guests, someone certainly needs to address it. It is always a good idea to try and work with the fellow employee to resolve the concern first before involving a supervisor. To keep this on a peer level, team up with some other colleagues and arrange to have a private conversation with Brittany (caution that it does not present as being ganged up on). A group discussion will have greater impact and
minimize the possibility of retribution. For example: “Brittany, we wanted to talk with you because it appears you are not happy working here. We are sorry about that and would encourage you to talk with the supervisor. Listening to you complain has become rather uncomfortable for us. We’re also concerned that customers
who overhear your comments are getting a bad impression of the hotel. So, from now on, we wanted you to know we are not going to participate in any more gripe sessions.” If that approach doesn’t seem feasible, the business implications provide a perfectly valid reason for involving your boss in this concern. Be sure to focus on the work issues and impact on morale, not Brittany’s disagreeable behavior. Explain that her public complaints may be giving guests the wrong impression, so you thought your manager should become aware of the situation. To stay off the enemy list, request that your comments be kept confidential please.

What is Job Abandonment?

Question:

What is job abandonment, and how is it typically defined with employers?

Answer:

Job abandonment refers to a situation where an employee fails to show up for work according to their scheduled shift and demonstrates no intention of returning to the job. Importantly, the employee does not communicate their intention to quit to the employer. This absence disrupts work operations and can create challenges for employers.

Question:

How can employers address and manage instances of job abandonment?

Answer:

Employers are advised to establish a clear policy that outlines the criteria for identifying job abandonment. While no federal law specifies the exact number of days, many states rely on case law or guidance from state unemployment agencies to define a reasonable time frame. Commonly, three to five full business days are considered reasonable. This period allows employers sufficient time to investigate the absence without unnecessarily holding a position open.

Question: 

Are all instances of no-call/no-show absences automatically considered cases of job abandonment?

Answer:

Employers should exercise caution and not automatically assume that every instance of a no-call/no-show absence constitutes job abandonment. Sometimes, employees may face extenuating circumstances such as medical emergencies, incarceration, or personal crises that prevent them from communicating with their employer. Therefore, it’s important for employers to establish investigation procedures. These procedures could involve attempts to contact the absent employee and sending a termination letter that explains the employer’s position while inviting the employee to provide context or information that could potentially alter the employer’s decision.

Recovering Property from Remote Employees

Question:

What happens when a remote employee resigns or is terminated?

Answer:

When a remote employee quits without notice or is fired, the difficult task of retrieving the worker’s laptop and other company equipment often falls to the HR team.
HR professionals might be tempted to withhold the employee’s last paycheck until the property is returned, but state laws forbid this. Some state wage-deduction laws also prohibit HR from pulling the value of the items out of the departing employee’s final pay, even if the worker were to somehow give written consent.
However, here are some actions HR professionals can take as they attempt to retrieve company equipment:
Put the terms in writing. Have employees sign an acknowledgment when they are issued any new company property. The acknowledgment should explain that the employee is responsible for returning the items when employment ends. This document can support an employer’s position if it becomes necessary to file a legal claim to recover the equipment. It can also remind employees that they should care for the property that belongs to the employer.
Ask to meet in person. If a termination meeting is necessary, ask the employee to come into the office and to bring any company-issued equipment. In some cases, managers will ask to meet with employees in the field. Some employers tell employees to bring the equipment because updates are needed; this is a dishonest tactic and should not be used.
Initiate recovery steps. If an employee refuses to meet in person, HR will need to begin a process to recover the equipment.
Send the individual a letter or e-mail showing the list of items that need to be returned. Include a copy of the acknowledgment form that was signed when the employee received the equipment, if such a form exists. Also, provide a prepaid shipping label, along with instructions on how to schedule pickup, in the event the person prefers not to deliver the items in person.
If two weeks pass and the individual has not taken action, then send a follow-up letter or e-mail stressing the importance of returning the property. The letter may mention what happens if the individual fails to do so.
If no response is received in 30 days, send another letter or e-mail informing the former employee that the organization will exercise its rights under the law for a criminal charge of theft, a civil action seeking the value of the items or both. Then, after seeking legal advice, determine whether to proceed with a claim after weighing the cost of the unrecovered items against the cost of legal action.
HR professionals may also want to consider how it might affect morale among the remaining employees if the organization takes legal action against a former employee.